[植物與微生物] 植物內生微生物可提供植物對抗其他的病原的入侵。20191105 Science

Plasmodesmata
Nov 5, 2019
2 min read

Pathogen-induced activation of disease-suppressive functions in the endophytic root microbiome

Víctor J. Carrión, Juan Perez-Jaramillo, Viviane Cordovez, Vittorio Tracanna,

Mattias de Hollander, Daniel Ruiz-Buck1, Lucas W. Mendes, Wilfred F.J. van Ijcken, Ruth Gomez-Exposito, Somayah S. Elsayed, Prarthana Mohanraju, Adini Arifah, John van der Oost, Joseph N. Paulson, Rodrigo Mendes, Gilles P. van Wezel, Marnix H. Medema, Jos M. Raaijmakers

Abstract

Microorganisms living inside plants can promote plant growth and health, but their genomic and functional diversity remain largely elusive. Here, metagenomics and network inference show that fungal infection of plant roots enriched for Chitinophagaceae and Flavobacteriaceae in the root endosphere and for chitinase genes and various unknown biosynthetic gene clusters encoding the production of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs). After strain-level genome reconstruction, a consortium of Chitinophaga and Flavobacterium was designed that consistently suppressed fungal root disease. Site-directed mutagenesis then revealed that a previously unidentified NRPS-PKS gene cluster from Flavobacterium was essential for disease suppression by the endophytic consortium. Our results highlight that endophytic root microbiomes harbor a wealth of as yet unknown functional traits that, in concert, can protect the plant inside out.

植物根內生微生物所提供的，由病原菌誘導的疾病抑制機制

摘要

生長在植物體內的微生物們，可以促進植物的生長與健康，但是他們基因體以及功能上的多樣性，大多數仍然未知。在此，利用總體基因體學（樣品中所有的基因體虛列重組）以及功能性網絡的推斷顯示，受真菌感染的植物根，根內微生物相中的鞘脂桿菌目和黃桿菌目，以及幾丁質酶和許多未知的生合成基因的聚落 - 編碼著非核醣體胜肽合成酵素（NPRSs）以及聚酮合成酵素（PKS），都有特別提高的現象。在品種基因體重新建構後，泉髮菌科和產黃菌屬的聯合被鑑定為會持續的抑制真菌在植物根造成的疾病。利用直接定位突變的方式發現，之前在產黃菌屬中未曾鑒定出的NPRSs-PKS基因聚落，對於由內生菌聚落所提供疾病的抑制而言，是必要的。我們的結果顯示，在植物根部內生的微生物群象，可能具有豐富卻仍未被暸解的功能性特徵，可以由內而外為植物提供保護。